Chapter 13: Reformation and religious war in the 16th century
This chapter focuses on the Protestant Reformation- an event that had a tremendous impact on the religious and political structure of Europe, even to the present day. As the Catholic Church received criticism for its secular politics, economic and ethical scandals, and particularly the sale of indulgences, many religious scholars began to protest against the Church's practices. One of them was Martin Luther, a Catholic monk, who eventually left the Church and established Lutheranism. With differences in religious doctrine and practice, more Protestant religions emerged, such as Zwinglianism, Calvinism, Anabaptism, and finally in England, Anglicanism. These new religions were also a way to achieve political independence from the national monarchies, as well as spiritual independence from the Roman pontiff. The splintering of the Catholic Church, and its close entanglement with European politics, would eventually lead to the violent and chaotic Age of Religious Wars of the 15th and 16th centuries. While these wars were fought over religious difference and the desire for religious freedom, in reality, these wars were fought for political reasons. After all, religious freedom IS political freedom at this time, and various religious groups sought to leave the Catholic Church as a means to gain political power and independence. We will mainly look at the wars in France, Spain and the Netherlands, England, and the Thirty Years War, which ravaged the Holy Roman Empire, in particular the German states, and ended with the Peace of Westphalia.
SPIELVOGEL Chapter 13 Reformation pdf (for those lacking a textbook)
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SPIELVOGEL Chapter 13 PowerPoint Slides:
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Chapter 13 ID's
ap_euro_chapter_13_identifications.docx | |
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Chapter 13 Primary Source Reading Packet
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The Reformation and Religious Wars: An Awkward Dinner Party!
reformation_dinner_party.docx | |
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How to make sense of the Religious Wars: Create a mind map!
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KAGAN Chapter 3 PowerPoint Lecture Slides:
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https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bz7-j_Grp2AUX19JdWJ2UHFkRUE/edit?usp=sharing Click link for google doc
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1/2 DBQ: The Causes of the Reformation and the Catholic Church's response.
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A great example of change over time: pope francis!
Read the article below from People magazine to commemorate Pope Francis' historic visit to the United States on September 2015. Compare his papacy and view of the church to that of the popes of the Renaissance and Reformation era.
people_article-_pope_francis.docx | |
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peoples_pope_francis_article.pdf | |
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RICK STEVES: Luther and the reformation -tour through europe
The Khan Academy explains the Protestant Reformation in 4 short videos:
Part 1: Setting the Stage
Part 2: Martin Luther
Part 3: Varieties of Protestantism
Part 4: The Catholic Counter-Reformation
John Green explains the Protestant Reformation